Abstract

Background: Modified electrodes have advanced from the initial studies aimed at understanding electron transfer in films to applications in areas such as energy production and analytical chemistry. This review emphasizes the major classes of modified electrodes with mediators that are being explored for improving analytical methodology. Chemically modified electrodes (CMEs) have been widely used to counter the problems of poor sensitivity and selectivity faced in bare electrodes. We have briefly reviewed the organometallic and organic mediators that have been extensively employed to engineer adapted electrode surfaces for the detection of different com-pounds. Also, the characteristics of the materials that improve the electrocatalytic activity of the modified surfaces are discussed. Objective: Improvement and promotion of pragmatic CMEs have generated a diversity of novel and probable strong detection prospects for electroanalysis. While the capability of handling the chemical nature of the electrode/solution interface accurately and creatively increases, it is predict-able that different mediators-based CMEs could be developed with electrocatalytic activity and completely new applications be advanced. © 2022 Bentham Science Publishers.