Repository of Research and Investigative Information

Repository of Research and Investigative Information

Bam University of Medical Sciences

Probabilistic risk assessment of soil contamination related to agricultural and industrial activities

(2021) Probabilistic risk assessment of soil contamination related to agricultural and industrial activities. Environmental research. p. 111837. ISSN 1096-0953 (Electronic) 0013-9351 (Linking)

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Official URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34363801

Abstract

Soil contamination related to industrial and agricultural activities were associated with many adverse health effects and climate change could exacerbate this effect. However, the evidence on this topic in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) is still scarce. We, therefore, aimed to investigate the heavy metals (HMs) concentrations in topsoil around Lake Urmia (which dried about 50 of it in recent years). Accordingly, 96 surface soil samples were collected from an area of about 4000 km(2) in 2019. An inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) was used to measure the HMs concentrations, including cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn). Health risk assessment of exposure to HMs was performed using Monte Carlo simulations technique. The mean concentrations of Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Pb, Cr, As and Cd were 68.66, 35, 31.66, 15, 14.4, 11.2, 7.04, and 0.26 mg/kg, respectively, which was in the allowable range of USEPA guideline. The mean enrichment factor (EF) values for Zn, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Co and As were1.3, 1.9, 1, 1.2, 1.7, 2.8, 1.8 and 2, respectively. Carcinogenic risks of exposure to HMs for inhalation, dermal and ingestion exposure pathways were at safe level. Similarly, the hazard index (HI) was at safe level (HI < 1). The sensitivity analysis indicated that the exposure duration (ED) for As, exposure frequency (EF) for Cd and Ni, concentration (Csoi) for Cr and Pb had the highest impact on ELCR values. Our finding confirmed that HMs concentrations around Lake Urmia had no health risk for inhabitants.

Item Type: Article
Keywords: Health risk Heavy metals Lake urmia Spatial analysis Surface soil
Divisions:
Page Range: p. 111837
Journal or Publication Title: Environmental research
Journal Index: Pubmed
Volume: 203
Identification Number: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.111837
ISSN: 1096-0953 (Electronic) 0013-9351 (Linking)
Depositing User: مهندس مهدی شریفی
URI: http://eprints.mubam.ac.ir/id/eprint/1198

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